Defining sarcopenia in terms of incident adverse outcomes.

The objectives of this study were to compare the performance of different diagnoses of sarcopenia using European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, International Working Group on Sarcopenia, and the US Foundation of National Institutes of Health (FNIH) criteria, and the screening tool SARC-F, against the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia consensus panel definitions, in predicting physical limitation, slow walking speed, and repeated chair stand performance, days of hospital stay and mortality at follow up. Longitudinal study. Community survey in Hong Kong. Participants were 4000 men and women 65 years and older living in the community. Information from questionnaire regarding activities of daily living, physical functioning limitations, and constituent questions of SARC-F; body mass index (BMI), grip strength (GS), walking speed, and appendicular muscle mass (ASM). FNIH, consensus panel definitions, and the screening tool SARC-F all have similar AUC values in predicting incident physical limitation and physical performance measures at 4 years, walking speed at 7 years, days of hospital stay at 7 years, and mortality at 10 years. None of the definitions predicted increase in physical limitation at 4 years or mortality at 10 years in women, and none predicted all the adverse outcomes. The highest AUC values were observed for walking speed at 4 and 7 years. When applied to a Chinese elderly population, criteria used for diagnosis of sarcopenia derived from European, Asian, and international consensus panels, from US cutoff values defined from incident physical limitation, and the SARC-F screening tool, all have similar performance in predicting incident physical limitation and mortality.

Woo J ，Leung J ，Morley JE 《-》

Validating the SARC-F: a suitable community screening tool for sarcopenia?

Woo J ，Leung J ，Morley JE 《-》

Sarcopenia Screened by the SARC-F Questionnaire and Physical Performances of Elderly Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Screening for sarcopenia in daily practice can be challenging. Our objective was to explore whether the SARC-F questionnaire is a valid screening tool for sarcopenia (defined by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health [FNIH] criteria). Moreover, we evaluated the physical performance of older women according to the SARC-F questionnaire. Cross-sectional study. Data from the Toulouse and Lyon EPIDémiologie de l'OStéoporose study (EPIDOS) on 3025 women living in the community (mean age: 80.5 ± 3.9 years), without a previous history of hip fracture, were assessed. The SARC-F self-report questionnaire score ranges from 0 to 10: a score ≥4 defines sarcopenia. The FNIH criteria uses handgrip strength (GS) and appendicular lean mass (ALM; assessed by DXA) divided by body mass index (BMI) to define sarcopenia. Outcome measures were the following performance-based tests: knee-extension strength, 6-m gait speed, and a repeated chair-stand test. The associations of sarcopenia with performance-based tests was examined using bootstrap multiple linear-regression models; adjusted R2 determined the percentage variation for each outcome explained by the model. Prevalence of sarcopenia was 16.7% (n = 504) according to the SARC-F questionnaire and 1.8% (n = 49) using the FNIH criteria. Sensibility and specificity of the SARC-F to diagnose sarcopenia (defined by FNIH criteria) were 34% and 85%, respectively. Sarcopenic women defined by SARC-F had significantly lower physical performance than nonsarcopenic women. The SARC-F improved the ability to predict poor physical performance. The validity of the SARC-F questionnaire to screen for sarcopenia, when compared with the FNIH criteria, was limited. However, sarcopenia defined by the SARC-F questionnaire substantially improved the predictive value of clinical characteristics of patients to predict poor physical performance.

Rolland Y ，Dupuy C ，Abellan Van Kan G ，Cesari M ，Vellas B ，Faruch M ，Dray C ，de Souto Barreto P ... -  《-》

A 3-Item SARC-F.

To examine individual items of the SARC-F in predicting adverse outcomes. Prospective cohort study. Community-dwelling older people in Hong Kong SAR China. A total of 4000 men and women aged 65 years and over, stratified in 3 age groups (65-69, 70-74, 75+ years of age). Information was collected by questionnaire, on sociodemographic details, lifestyle habits, cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination, depression using the Geriatric Depression Scale, SARC-F, and physical limitation in daily activities. Physical performance measures include chair stand and walking speed. Adverse outcomes included physical limitation, lower limb strength using repeated chair stands, slow walking speed, length of hospital stay, and mortality. Predictive ability of each item of the SARC-F was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve. Stepwise model was used to assess incremental predictive ability. The overall ranking of the questions in order of highest predictability in terms of area under the curve values were strength, climb stairs, assistance in walking, rise from a chair, and falls. The first 3 questions individually predicted all the adverse outcomes, and in stepwise models of the individual questions, a combination of these 3 questions gave the highest area under the curve values. The 5-item SARC-F may be shortened to 3 items (strength, climb stairs, and assistance in walking) in rapid screening for sarcopenia in clinical practice.

Woo J ，Yu R ，Leung J 《-》

Performance of SARC-F in Regard to Sarcopenia Definitions, Muscle Mass and Functional Measures.

Bahat G ，Yilmaz O ，Kılıç C ，Oren MM ，Karan MA ... -  《-》