Identification and characterization of the MicroRNA profile in aging rats with erectile dysfunction.

Aging-related erectile dysfunction (A-ED) is a neurovascular and refractory disorder with complicated pathophysiological mechanisms and a high prevalence. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which modulate a variety of cell functions, may be involved in the pathophysiological processes of this disorder. To investigate the miRNA profile in the corpus cavernosum (CC) of aging rats with ED, and to analyze the target genes and signaling pathways regulated by the dysregulated miRNAs. According to the apomorphine test, the experimental animals were divided into three groups: aging rats with ED (group AE), aging rats with normal erectile function (group AN), and young rats as normal controls (group YN). After the erectile functional test, CCs from each group were then collected for histological and molecular measurements. Intracavernous pressure response to electric stimulation of the cavernous nerve was used to evaluate erectile function. Histological changes within CC were evaluated using immunofluorescent staining. GeneChip array was used to analyze the miRNA expression profiling. The miRNA profilings were further validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The TargetScan or DAIAN web platform and DAVID were used for bioinformatic analysis. Accompanied with significantly decreased erectile function, the content of smooth muscle and endothelium within the CC of rats with A-ED was significantly decreased compared with both AN group and YN group. miR-1, miR-200a, miR-203, and miR-206 were found and validated up-regulating with above twofold change in AE group. According to the bioinformatics analysis, the four up-expressing miRNAs could regulate eNOS/NO/PKG and PGE1/PKA pathways through regulating 13 target genes. Four miRNAs were found up-regulated significantly in the CC of rats with A-ED. The four miRNAs might play important roles in the development of A-ED by regulating the eNOS/NO/PKG and PGE1/PKA pathways despite lots of experiments still need to be validated.

Pan F ，Xu J ，Zhang Q ，Qiu X ，Yu W ，Xia J ，Chen T ，Pan L ，Chen Y ，Dai Y ... -  《-》

Differentially expressed microRNAs in the corpus cavernosum from a murine model with type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated erectile dysfunction.

Pan F ，You J ，Liu Y ，Qiu X ，Yu W ，Ma J ，Pan L ，Zhang A ，Zhang Q ... -  《-》

The Changes of MicroRNA Expression in the Corpus Cavernosum of a Rat Model With Cavernous Nerve Injury.

MicroRNAs (miRs) were found to be dysregulated in erectile dysfunction (ED) related to aging, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and vasculogenic abnormalities. However, miR expression in ED after radical prostatectomy (RP) is not known. To detect abnormal miR expression in post-RP ED and analyze target genes and pathways. 16 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into bilateral cavernous nerve crush (BCNC) and control groups. 4 weeks after surgery, erectile function and histological change in the corpus cavernosum were evaluated. Total RNA from 3 rats from each group was isolated and processed to analyze the miR expression profiling by RNA sequencing. The top 10 up-regulated miR profiles were chosen directly and further validated in another 5 rats per each group by quantitative real-time polymerase chain (PCR) reaction. The target genes were predicted by online databases, including: TargetScan, mirwalk, miRanda, miRDB, and DIANA. The enrichment analysis of gene ontology-term analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were performed by DAVID database. Intra-cavernosal pressure, mean arterial pressure, smooth muscle content, and miR expression were measured. Compared to the control group, the BCNC group had decreased intra-cavernosal/mean arterial pressure ratio and smooth muscle marker (α-smooth muscle actin). The sequence results showed that 124 miR expression dysregulated in the BCNC group, in which 122 miR expression were up-regulated. Of the 122 miRs, 21 miR expressions were increased above 2-fold. Among the top 10 up-regulated miRs, 4 miRs (miR-101a, miR-138, miR-338, and miR-142) levels were finally validated for over-expression by quantitative (PCR) reaction. The gene ontology analysis results showed that these 4 miRs could regulate the processes of cell apoptosis, fibrosis, endothelium, and smooth muscle cells function. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed the target genes were involved in 7 pathways related to ED. Our findings provide novel insights into post-RP ED that may stimulate further studies to develop miR targeted therapy or damage detection for ED. To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify the miR profiling and function in the BCNC rat model. The rat model might not represent the human condition and the miR was only detected at 1 period. Besides that, there is a high probability of false positives for RNA sequence results. 4 dysregulated miRs were found in the BCNC rat model, which may be related to post-RP ED by regulating apoptosis, fibrosis, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells. Liu C, Cao Y, Ko TC, et al. The Changes of MicroRNA Expression in the Corpus Cavernosum of a Rat Model With Cavernous Nerve Injury. J Sex Med 2018;15:958-965.

Liu C ，Cao Y ，Ko TC ，Chen M ，Zhou X ，Wang R ... -  《-》

MicroRNA-200a is up-regulated in aged rats with erectile dysfunction and could attenuate endothelial function via SIRT1 inhibition.

Pan F ，Qiu XF ，Yu W ，Zhang QP ，Chen Q ，Zhang CY ，Chen Y ，Pan LJ ，Zhang AX ，Dai YT ... -  《-》

Identification and Functional Verification of MicroRNAs in the Obese Rat With Erectile Dysfunction.

Obesity is a potential risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of genes involved in various pathophysiologic processes. To identify the miRNA profile in the corpus cavernosum (CC) of obese rats with ED and elucidate the potential function of miRNA in the pathogenesis of ED. Obesity was induced in rats by a high-fat diet. After the erectile function test, experimental animals were divided into two groups: obese rats with ED and obese rats with normal erectile function. The CCs from these rats were collected for miRNA microarray analysis. The results were verified by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Subsequently, the targets of differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted. Bioinformatics analysis was applied to predict the functions of differentially expressed miRNAs in ED. Apomorphine-induced penile erection and intracavernous pressure measurements were used to evaluate the effects of miRNA on the erectile function of rats. MiRNA expression in the CC of obese rats with ED and those with normal erectile function was detected by miRNA microarray analysis. Candidate miRNAs were validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the functions of miRNAs. Apomorphine-induced penile erection and intracavernous pressure measurements were used to reflect the erectile function of rats. Sixty-eight miRNAs were differentially expressed in the CC of obese rats with ED (≥1.5-fold change). The real-time polymerase chain reaction results were consistent with the miRNA microarray analysis results. Specifically, miR-328a was significantly upregulated in rats with ED compared with control rats and was chosen for functional evaluation in the pathogenesis of ED. Overexpression of miR-328a noticeably decreased the erectile response to apomorphine and the expression of heme oxygenase-1. MiRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related ED. MiR-328a might facilitate the induction of ED. Bai Y, Zhang L, Jiang Y, et al. Identification and Functional Verification of MicroRNAs in the Obese Rat With Erectile Dysfunction. Sex Med 2017;5:e261-e271.

Bai Y ，Zhang L ，Jiang Y ，Ju J ，Li G ，Xu J ，Jiang X ，Zhang P ，Lang L ，Sadkovaya O ，Glybochko PV ，Zhang W ，Yang B ... -  《Sexual Medicine》