[Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the upper limb motor function improvement after stroke].

Stroke induces structural and functional changes within the cortical motor network of both hemispheres. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation modulates the excitability of the motor cortex and thereby may facilitate motor function and/or recovery of motor function after stroke. Based on a systematic literature search we identified 33 placebo-controlled trials which examined the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of impaired hand function following stroke. Despite limitations, the majority of the studies referred to the interhemispheric competition model after stroke to apply repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. In a comparative approach, methodology and effectiveness of (a) inhibition of the unaffected hemisphere, (b) facilitation of the affected hemisphere and (c) combined application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the affected and unaffected hemispheres to treat impaired hand function after stroke are presented. Problems and limitations of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in stroke rehabilitation are discussed and visions for future clinical research are presented.

Lüdemann-Podubecká J ，Neumann G ，Ponfick M ，Bösl K ... -  《-》

Recovery of upper-limb function due to enhanced use-dependent plasticity in chronic stroke patients.

Koganemaru S ，Mima T ，Thabit MN ，Ikkaku T ，Shimada K ，Kanematsu M ，Takahashi K ，Fawi G ，Takahashi R ，Fukuyama H ，Domen K ... -  《-》

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over bilateral hemispheres enhances motor function and training effect of paretic hand in patients after stroke.

Takeuchi N ，Tada T ，Toshima M ，Matsuo Y ，Ikoma K ... -  《-》

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for motor recovery of the upper limb after stroke.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation changes excitability of the motor cortex and it has hereby the potential to modulate changes in neural processing which impede motor recovery after stroke. This chapter presents an up-to-day systematic review of the treatment effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in promoting motor recovery of the affected upper limb after stroke. Thirty-seven trials were included in the analysis. The selected studies involved a total of 871 stroke subjects. All stimulation protocols pride on interhemispheric imbalance model. rTMS enhances motor recovery of the affected hand after stroke; however, the data available until today is too limited to support its routine use.

Lüdemann-Podubecká J ，Bösl K ，Nowak DA 《-》

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of motor cortex after stroke: a focused review.

Corti M ，Patten C ，Triggs W 《-》