Facile stripping voltammetric determination of haloperidol using a high performance magnetite/carbon nanotube paste electrode in pharmaceutical and biological samples.

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared to construct a novel sensor for the determination of haloperidol (Hp) by voltammetric methods. The morphology and properties of electrode surface were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This modified sensor was used as a selective electrochemical sensor for the determination of trace amounts of Hp. The peak currents of differential pulse and square wave voltammograms of Hp increased linearly with its concentration in the ranges of 1.2×10(-3)-0.52 and 6.5×10(-4)-0.52μmol L(-1), respectively. The detection limits for Hp were 7.02×10(-4) and 1.33×10(-4)μmol L(-1) for differential pulse and square wave voltammetric methods, respectively. The results show that the combination of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and Fe3O4 nanoparticles causes a dramatic enhancement in the sensitivity of Hp quantification. This sensor was successfully applied to determine Hp in pharmaceutical samples and biological fluids. The fabricated electrode showed excellent reproducibility, repeatability and stability.

Bagheri H ，Afkhami A ，Panahi Y ，Khoshsafar H ，Shirzadmehr A ... -  《-》

An electrochemical sensor for rizatriptan benzoate determination using Fe3O4 nanoparticle/multiwall carbon nanotube-modified glassy carbon electrode in real samples.

In this paper a sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor for determination of rizatriptan benzoate (RZB) was proposed. A glassy carbon electrode was modified with nanocomposite of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4/MWCNTs/GCE). The results obtained clearly show that the combination of MWCNTs and Fe3O4 nanoparticles definitely improves the sensitivity of modified electrode to RZB determination. The morphology and electroanalytical performance of the fabricated sensor were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), square wave voltammetry (SWV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Also, the effect of experimental and instrumental parameters on the sensor response was evaluated. The square wave voltammetric response of the electrode to RZB was linear in the range 0.5-100.0 μmol L(-1) with a detection limit of 0.09 μmol L(-1) under the optimum conditions. The investigated method showed good stability, reproducibility and repeatability. The proposed sensor was successfully applied for real life samples of blood serum and RZB determination in pharmaceutical.

Madrakian T ，Maleki S ，Heidari M ，Afkhami A ... -  《-》

Adsorptive anodic stripping differential pulse voltammetric determination of CellCept at Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode.

A simple and sensitive method based on adsorptive anodic stripping differential pulse voltammetry (AASDPV) for the determination of cellcept, using a magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and functionalized (carboxylated) multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode (f-MWCNs/Fe3O4/GCE) was developed. In phosphate buffer solution (pH = 5), the voltammogram of cellcept exhibited tow anodic peaks and the well-defined peak at about 0.611 V vs SCE was used for its monitoring. The modified electrode was characterized by different methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The experimental parameters, such as pH, deposition potential and time, as well as scan rate were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, Ip (μA) was proportional to the cellcept concentration in the range of 0.05-200 μM (R2 = 0.9989) with a detection limit of 9.0 nM and limit of quantification of 30.2 nM. The recovery was >98%. The practical analytical utilities of the modified electrode were demonstrated by the determination of cellcept in human urine and blood serum samples. Modified electrode showed an adequate sensitivity and stability for evaluated samples.

Gholivand MB ，Solgi M 《-》

Magnetic core-shell Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/MWCNT nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode for amplified electrochemical sensing of uric acid.

A new type of nanocomposite based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with magnetic core-shell Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2/MWCNTs) was prepared and used to fabricate a modified carbon paste electrode (CPE). The nanocomposite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. Electrochemical behavior of uric acid (UA) was investigated on Fe3O4@SiO2/MWCNTs-CPE by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) in phosphate buffer solution (pH6.0). Under the optimized conditions, the peak currents increased linearly with the concentration of UA in the range from 0.60 to 100.0 μM, with a detection limit of 0.13 μM. The proposed sensor was successfully applied for the determination of UA in biological fluids.

Arvand M ，Hassannezhad M 《-》

A sensitive electrochemical sensor for rapid determination of methadone in biological fluids using carbon paste electrode modified with gold nanofilm.

A novel and effective electrochemical sensor for the determination of methadone (MET) at pH 9.0 using gold nanoparticles, electrodeposited on a multi-walled carbon nanotube modified carbon paste electrode (GNPs/MWCPE), is introduced. The voltammetric behavior of MET at this modified electrode was studied using cyclic and square wave voltammetric techniques and the results were compared with those obtained at the multi-walled carbon nanotube modified carbon paste electrode (MWCPE). The oxidation of MET was irreversible and exhibited an adsorption controlled process at the GNPs/MWCPE and a diffusion controlled process at the MWCPE. The effect of various experimental parameters including pH, scan rate, and accumulation potential and time on the voltammetric response of MET was investigated. At the optimum conditions, the concentration of MET was determined using square wave voltammetry (SWV) in a linear range of 0.1-500.0 µmol L(-1) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9901 at the GNPs/MWCPE, and 0.5-300.0 µmol L(-1) with a correlation coefficient of 0.993 at the MWCPE and the detection limits were found to be 0.005 and 0.3 µmol L(-1), respectively. The proposed electrode was successfully applied to the determination of MET in a pharmaceutical dosage form, urine and saliva samples. The effects of common interferences, namely some of different cations and anions, on the current response of MET were investigated. This revealed that the GNPs/MWCPE shows excellent analytical performance for the determination of MET in terms of a very low detection limit, high sensitivity, very good repeatability and reproducibility.

Afkhami A ，Soltani-Felehgari F ，Madrakian T 《-》