Optimized extraction of polysaccharides from Cymbopogon citratus and its biological activities.

In this study the extraction of hot water soluble polysaccharides (HWSPs) from Cymbopogon citratus using hot water decoction was discussed. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a three level, three variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD), was employed to obtain best possible combination of extraction time (X1: 30-180 min), extraction temperature (X2: 70-100 °C) and water to the raw material ratio (X3: 10-60) for maximum HWSPs extraction. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: extraction time was around 113.81 min, extraction temperature at 99.66 °C and the ratio of water to raw material was 33.11 g/mL. Under these conditions, the experimental yield was 13.24±0.23%, which is well in close agreement with the value predicted by RSM model yield (13.19%). The basic characterization of HWSPs was determined by using the FTIR. These preliminary in vitro biological studies indicated that lemongrass polysaccharides were useful for anticancer therapy.

Thangam R ，Suresh V ，Kannan S 《-》

Polysaccharide extraction from Abelmoschus esculentus: optimization by response surface methodology.

Crude polysaccharide extraction from the Iranian Abelmoschus esculentus was performed using water decoction. Response surface methodology (RSM), based on a five level, four variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD), was employed to obtain the best possible combination of extraction time (X1: 0.5-6.5 h), extraction temperature (X2: 80-100 °C), number of extraction (X3: 1-5), and water to the raw material ratio (X4: 4-28) for maximum polysaccharide extraction. The experimental data obtained were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis and also analyzed by appropriate statistical methods (ANOVA). The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: extraction time of 4.94 h, extraction temperature of 94.97 °C, number of extraction of 4, and the ratio of water to raw material of 21.74. Under these conditions, the experimental yield was 16.895±0.29%, which is well in close agreement with the value predicted by the model 16.916%.

Samavati V 《-》

Optimum extraction of polysaccharides from Opuntia dillenii and evaluation of its antioxidant activities.

Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the extraction of crude polysaccharides from Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gaw) Haw. A three-level, four-variable Box-Behnken design was employed to obtain the best possible combination of extraction temperature (80-90 °C), extraction time (50-70 min), number of extraction cycle (1-3 times), and ratio of water to raw material (8:1-12:1, v/w) for maximum yield of crude polysaccharide. Besides, the antioxidant capacity of crude polysaccharide was evaluated by DPPH assay. The results showed that optimized extraction conditions were extraction temperature 85 °C, extraction time 63.7 min, extraction 2 times and ratio of water to raw material 11.14:1. Under these conditions, the experimental yield was 27.36 ± 0.21%, which is well in close agreement with the value (27.44%) predicted by RSM model. Pharmacological test showed that O. dillenii crude polysaccharides had a good antioxidant activity.

Yang Q ，Chen H ，Zhou X ，Zhang J ... -  《-》

Optimization of enzyme-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from alfalfa and its antioxidant activity.

In this present study, an efficient complex enzyme-assisted extraction technology was developed and optimized to extract polysaccharides from alfalfa using four factors at five levels central composite rotatable response surface design (CCRD). The experimental data was fitted to a second order polynomial equation with high coefficient of determination values (R(2)>0.95). The results of statistical analysis showed that the linear and quadratic terms of these four variables had significant effects (P<0.05) on the yield of polysaccharides from alfalfa. The optimum conditions were as follows: enzyme concentration of 2.5%, 2.0%, 3.0% (weight of alfalfa) of cellulase, papain and pectase, extraction temperature 52.7 °C, extraction pH 3.87, ratio of water to raw material 78.92 mL/g and extraction time 2.73 h. Under the optimal conditions, the experimental extraction yield of alfalfa polysaccharides was 5.05 ± 0.02%, which was well matched with the value (5.09%) predicted by the CCRD model. Moreover, evaluation of the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from alfalfa in vitro suggested that the polysaccharides had good antioxidant effect, especially scavenging activity for hydroxyl radical and DPPH radical, which indicated that the polysaccharides from alfalfa may be explored as a novel natural antioxidant.

Wang S ，Dong X ，Tong J 《-》

Water soluble polysaccharides from Spirulina platensis: extraction and in vitro anti-cancer activity.

Polysaccharides from Spirulina platensis algae (SP) were extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction procedure. The optimal conditions for ultrasonic extraction of SP were determined by response surface methodology. The four parameters were, extraction time (X1), extraction temperature (X2), ultrasonic power (X3) and the ratio of water to raw material (X4), respectively. The experimental data obtained were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation. The optimum conditions were extraction time of 25 min, extraction temperature 85°C, ultrasonic power 90 W and ratio of water to raw material 20 mL/g. Under these optimal conditions, the experimental yield was 13.583±0.51%, well matched with the predicted models with the coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.9971. Then, we demonstrated that SP polysaccharides had strong scavenging activities in vitro on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. Overall, SP may have potential applications in the medical and food industries.

Kurd F ，Samavati V 《-》