Antioxidant activity of polysaccharide extracted from Pleurotus eryngii using response surface methodology.

Ultrasonic technology was applied for polysaccharide extraction from the fruiting bodies of P. Eryngii, and response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the effects of processing parameters on polysaccharide extraction yield. Three independent variables were extraction time (A), ultrasonic power (B) and the ratio of solvent to sample (C), respectively. Results showed that the maximum yield of P. eryngii polysaccharide (PEPS) was obtained at an optimum condition: extraction time 39 min, ultrasonic power 517 W, the ratio of water to material 19 mL/g, and the PEPS extracting yield reached 34.3% under the conditions. PEPS were precipitated into three crude polysaccharides, PEPS30, PEPS60 and PEPS80, by different concentrations of ethanol respectively. The antioxidant activities of these three polysaccharides were evaluated. The results showed that PEPS80 had the best reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging ability and oxygen radical scavenging ability followed by PEPS60 and PEPS30.

Zhang A ，Li X ，Xing C ，Yang J ，Sun P ... -  《-》

Antioxidant activity of polysaccharide extracted from Ganoderma lucidum using response surface methodology.

Superfine grinding technology was applied for polysaccharide extraction from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum, and response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the effects of processing parameters on polysaccharide extraction yield. Results showed that the maximum yield of G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) was obtained at an optimum condition: extraction time 137 min, extraction temperature 66 ̊C, the ratio of water to material 35 mL/g, and the GLP extracting yield reached 2.44% under this condition. GLP were precipitated into three crude polysaccharides, viz. GLP40, GLP60 and GLP80. The basic characterization of polysaccharides was determined by using HPLC and FT-IR methods. GLP, GLP80, GLP60, and GLP40 were composed of Man, Rib, Glc, Gal and Fuc with the molar ratios of 1.27:0.36:22.89:1.61:0.33, 1.40:0.31:23.02:3.46:0.91, 0.96:0.34:25.76:2.47:0.46, and 2.81:1.42:23.83:1.61:0.33, respectively. The result of FT-IR suggested that the monosaccharide residue of the four polysaccharides was β-pyranoid ring. Moreover, the antioxidant activities of these four polysaccharides were evaluated. The results showed that GLP80 had the best reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging ability and oxygen radical scavenging ability followed by GLP, GLP60 and GLP40. Our results demonstrated that RSM might be a valuable technique for optimizing the efficient extraction of GLP, and G. lucidum could be considered as sources of natural antioxidants and preservatives of food industry. Moreover, polysaccharides, especially GLP80, extracted from the fruiting bodies of G. lucidum, exhibited promising antioxidant activities.

Kan Y ，Chen T ，Wu Y ，Wu J ，Wu J ... -  《-》

Extraction and antioxidant activities of intracellular polysaccharide from Pleurotus sp. mycelium.

The extraction conditions of intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) from Pleurotus sp. mycelium in submerged culture were investigated. Four parameters affecting the IPS extraction, ultrasonic treatment time, extraction temperature, extraction time and ethanol concentration, were determined by single factor tests and then optimized by orthogonal experiments. Under the optimized conditions, the extraction rates of IPS of Pleurotus nebrodensis SJ-02, Pleurotus eryngii SI-01 and Pleurotus corncopiae SS-01 were 7.1+/-0.4%, 7.5+/-0.3%, and 8.2+/-0.5%, respectively. The in vitro hydroxyl radical inhibition percentages of IPS of three mushrooms were 32.2+/-2.8%, 16.1+/-1.5%, and 38.7+/-3.1%, respectively. The scavenging effects of IPS on superoxide anion radical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical were 19.1+/-1.5%, 16.3+/-1.3%, 20.3+/-1.8%, 17.9+/-1.6%, 16.8+/-1.4%, and 20.5+/-1.7%, respectively. The results provide a reference for large-scale production of IPS by Pleurotus sp. in industrial fermentation.

Liu X ，Zhou B ，Lin R ，Jia L ，Deng P ，Fan K ，Wang G ，Wang L ，Zhang J ... -  《-》

Dodonaea viscosa var. angustifolia leaf: new source of polysaccharide and its anti-oxidant activity.

Ultrasonic technology was applied for polysaccharide extraction from the leaves of Dodonaea viscosa and response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the effects of processing parameters on polysaccharide extraction yield. Three independent variables were extraction time (X1), extraction temperature (X2) and ultrasonic power (X3), respectively. The statistical analysis indicated the independent variables (X1, X2, X3), the quadratic terms (X11 and X33) and the interaction terms (X1X2, X1X3, X2X3) had significant effects on the yield of polysaccharides (P<0.05). The optimal extraction conditions of D. viscosa leaf were determined as follows: extraction time 50.54 min, extraction temperature 85 °C and ultrasonic power 400 W. Under these conditions, the experimental yield of polysaccharides was 9.455±0.24%, which was agreed closely with the predicted value (9.398%). The evaluation of anti-oxidant activity suggested that the polysaccharide exhibited significant protection against DPPH and hydroxyl radicals and could be explored as a nutraceutical agent.

Samavati V ，Manoochehrizade A 《-》

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of antioxidant polysaccharides from the stem of Trapa quadrispinosa using response surface methodology.

Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize experimental conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of antioxidant crude polysaccharides (CPS) from Trapa quadrispinosa stems. Antioxidant capacity of polysaccharides was determined by Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (FRAC) assay with the method of 1, 10-phenanthroline. The maximum yield of polysaccharides (2.78±0.16%) was obtained under optimal extraction conditions of extraction time, 41min; ratio of water to material, 31.5mL/g; and extraction temperature, 58°C. The maximum antioxidant capacity (19.02±0.24μmol Fe2+/g) was obtained under the optimal extraction conditions of extraction time, 38min; ratio of water to material, 32mL/g; and extraction temperature, 56°C. These two values were agreed well with predicted yield (2.75%) and antioxidant capacity (18.77μmol Fe2+/g). Antioxidant activities of CPS were investigated by various assays. The results showed that CPSUAE obtained by UAE showed higher 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazxyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activities and stronger reducing power, total antioxidant capacity compared with CPSHWE obtained by hot water extraction (HWE).The results indicated that UAE is an advisable method for extraction of antioxidant polysaccharides from the stem of T. quadrispinosa and polysaccharides could be explored as potential antioxidant to use in medicine or functional food.

Raza A ，Li F ，Xu X ，Tang J ... -  《-》