In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of extracts from Potentilla recta and its main ellagitannin, agrimoniin.

Potentilla recta is one of the numerous cinquefoil species growing in Poland. It is used in traditional medicine e.g. in the treatment of skin inflammation. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of extracts and subfractions of the P. recta herb (obtained by using solvents of different polarity) in in vitro systems as well as to examine their chemical composition. Antioxidant activities of the extracts, subfractions and agrimoniin were evaluated using DPPH and three other radicals (O2(-), H2O2, and HClO) generated in cell-free systems. Anti-hyaluronidase activity was measured by using the turbidimetric method. Inhibition of lipoxidase activity was measured spectrophotometrically, using linoleic acid as a substrate. The composition of the most active subfraction was determined using the HPLC-DAD-MS(n) method. All tested samples showed scavenging activity against all the examined reactive species in a concentration-dependent manner. The highest scavenging activity against DPPH, H2O2 and HClO was observed in the ethyl acetate subfraction (PRE3) (SC50 ± SEM [μg/mL]: 25.39 ± 2.49, 1.79 ± 0.25 and 8.52 ± 1.16 respectively). It was only in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system that the antioxidation potential of the diethyl ether subfraction (PRE2) (SC50 ± SEM [μg/mL]: 6.59 ± 1.33) was higher than that of the subfraction PRE3 (SC50 ± SEM [μg/mL]: 8.57 ± 1.37). Also, in the studies of lipoxidase and hyaluronidase inhibition activity the strongest effect was observed for PRE3, with IC50 [μg/mL] = 86.31 ± 5.46, and 12.99 ± 1.31, respectively. The chromatographic method (HPTLC-DPPH) revealed that the principal substance responsible for the activity, is a tannin like compound. Isolated agrimoniin showed significant reactive oxygen species scavenging activity and significant enzyme inhibition activity (including xanthine oxidase inhibition activity). Agrimoniin exerted the strongest scavenging activity against H2O2 (SC50 ± SEM [μM]: 0.20 ± 0.01). This compound also significantly inhibited the enzymatic activity of lipoxidase (IC50 [μM] = 36.47 ± 1.29), and, particularly, of hyaluronidase (IC50 [μM] = 2.65 ± 0.40). The strong scavenging activity against H2O2, and the inhibition of the enzymatic activity of lipoxidase, and particularly, hyaluronidase observed for the tested subfractions and agrimoniin, partly explain the beneficial effects of P. recta in treatment of skin inflammation.

Bazylko A ，Piwowarski JP ，Filipek A ，Bonarewicz J ，Tomczyk M ... -  《-》

Efficacy of Daphne oleoides subsp. kurdica used for wound healing: identification of active compounds through bioassay guided isolation technique.

In Turkish traditional medicine, the aerial parts of Daphne oleoides Schreber subsp. kurdica (DOK) have been used to treat malaria, rheumatism and for wound healing. The aim was to evaluate the ethnopharmacological usage of the plant using in vivo and in vitro pharmacological experimental models, and to perform bioassay-guided fractionation of the 85% methanolic extract of DOK for the isolation and identification of active wound-healing component(s) and to elucidate possible mechanism of the wound-healing activity. In vivo wound-healing activity was evaluated by the linear incision and the circular excision wound models. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which are known to support the wound healing process, were also assessed by the Whittle method and the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging assays, respectively. The total phenolic content of the extract and subextracts was estimated to establish any correlation between the phenolic content and the antioxidant activity. The methanolic extract of DOK was subjected to various chromatographic separation techniques leading to the isolation and identification of the active component(s). Furthermore, in vitro hyaluronidase, collagenase and elastase enzymes inhibitory activity assays were conducted on the active components to explore the activity pathways of the remedy. After confirmation of the wound-healing activity, the methanolic extract was subjected to successive solvent partitioning using solvents of increasing polarity creating five subextracts. Each subextract was tested on the same biological activity model and the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) subextract had the highest activity. The EtOAc subextract was subjected to further chromatographic separation for the isolation of components 1, 2 and 3. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as daphnetin (1), demethyldaphnoretin 7-O-glucoside (2) and luteolin-7-O-glucoside (3). Further in vivo testing revealed that luteolin-7-O-glucoside was responsible for the wound-healing activity of the aerial parts. It was also found to exert significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-hyaluronidase and anti-collagenase activities. The present study explored the wound-healing potential of Daphne oleoides subsp. kurdica. Through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation techniques, luteolin-7-O-glucoside was determined as the main active component of the aerial parts. This compound exerts its activity through inhibition of hyaluronidase and collagenase enzymes activity as well as interfering with the inflammatory stage.

Süntar I ，Küpeli Akkol E ，Keles H ，Yesilada E ，Sarker SD ，Arroo R ，Baykal T ... -  《-》

Comparative study of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and genotoxicity of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of four Fabiana species that grow in mountainous area of Argentina.

Fabiana species (Solanaceae family) extracts have long been used in Argentinean traditional medicine as anti-inflammatories, antiseptic, bone fractures and others diseases, but there is no scientific evidence which supports their use. The present study was conducted to evaluate the ability of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of four Fabiana species (Fabiana bryoides Phil., Fabiana punensis A.C. Arroyo, Fabiana densa J. Rèmy and Fabiana patagonica Speg.) to inhibit key enzymes in inflammatory processes, free radical scavenging properties and genotoxic effects. HPLC-DAD of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from four Fabiana species was established. All Fabiana extracts were evaluated on their ability to inhibit hyaluronidase and lipoxygenase enzymes to assess their activity against inflammatory mediators. Antioxidant capacity was determined using the 2,2'-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assays and β-carotene-linolenic acid assay. Genotoxicity was evaluated by the Ames assay. The results indicated that the chromatographic patterns of four Fabiana species were different in quantity and absorption intensity of peaks. The alcoholic extract of Fabiana punensis was the most active scavenger of DPPH and ABTS(+) radicals (SC(50) values of 3.85 ± 0.24 and 2.56 ± 0.10 μgGAE/mL, respectively). Fabiana patagonica extracts exhibited the highest peroxyl radical scavenging activity compared with the other three taxa (IC(50) values between 1.00 ± 0.04 and 4.46 ± 0.40 μg GAE/mL for all extracts) and anti-lipoxygenase activity with IC(50) values between 12.5 and 15.5 μg GAE/mL. The absence of mutagenicity indicates that the DNA does not seem to be a relevant target for these extracts. Fabiana bryoides ethanolic extract showed an interesting effect: it inhibited spontaneous mutagenesis, which could be considered as an antimutagenic effect in the TA98 (+S9) and TA100 (+S9/-S9) strains. The potency differences found between the species could be consequence of the different phytochemical pattern observed by HPLC. The inhibitory effects on lipoxygenase and hyaluronidase, free radical scavenging activities and lack of genotoxicity of Fabiana extracts may support the folk use of Fabiana punensis, Fabiana patagonica, Fabiana bryoides and Fabiana densa as inhibitor of inflammatory mediators.

Cuello S ，Alberto MR ，Zampini IC ，Ordoñez RM ，Isla MI ... -  《-》

In vitro pro-inflammatory enzyme inhibition and anti-oxidant potential of selected Sri Lankan medicinal plants.

Perera HDSM ，Samarasekera JKRR ，Handunnetti SM ，Weerasena OVDSJ ，Weeratunga HD ，Jabeen A ，Choudhary MI ... -  《BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine》

Chemical composition, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts prepared from aerial parts of Oenothera biennis L. and Oenothera paradoxa Hudziok obtained after seeds cultivation.

Granica S ，Czerwińska ME ，Piwowarski JP ，Ziaja M ，Kiss AK ... -  《-》