Resveratrol protects vascular endothelial cells from high glucose-induced apoptosis through inhibition of NADPH oxidase activation-driven oxidative stress.

Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress has been implicated in diabetic vascular complications in which NADPH oxidase is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol, which has vasoprotective effects in diabetic animal models and inhibits high glucose (HG)-induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells. We aimed to examine whether HG-induced NADPH oxidase activation and ROS production contribute to glucotoxicity to endothelial cells and the effect of resveratrol on glucotoxicity. Using a murine brain microvascular endothelial cell line bEnd3, we found that NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) and resveratrol both inhibited HG-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. HG-induced elevation of NADPH oxidase activity and production of ROS were inhibited by apocynin, suggesting that HG induces endothelial cell apoptosis through NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS production. Mechanistic studies revealed that HG upregulated NADPH oxidase subunit Nox1 but not Nox2, Nox4, and p22(phox) expression through NF-κB activation, which resulted in elevation of NADPH oxidase activity and consequent ROS production. Resveratrol prevented HG-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through inhibiting HG-induced NF-κB activation, NADPH oxidase activity elevation, and ROS production. HG induces endothelial cell apoptosis through NF-κB/NADPH oxidase/ROS pathway, which was inhibited by resveratrol. Our findings provide new potential therapeutic targets against brain vascular complications of diabetes.

Chen F ，Qian LH ，Deng B ，Liu ZM ，Zhao Y ，Le YY ... -  《-》

High glucose induces renal mesangial cell proliferation and fibronectin expression through JNK/NF-κB/NADPH oxidase/ROS pathway, which is inhibited by resveratrol.

Renal hypertrophy and extracellular matrix accumulation are early features of diabetic nephropathy. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is implicated in the etiology of diabetic nephropathy. Resveratrol has potent antioxidative and protective effects on diabetic nephropathy. We aimed to examine whether high glucose (HG)-induced NADPH oxidase activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production contribute to glomerular mesangial cell proliferation and fibronectin expression and the effect of resveratrol on HG action in mesangial cells. By using rat mesangial cell line and primary mesangial cells, we found that NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) and ROS inhibitor (N-acetyl cysteine) both inhibited HG-induced mesangial cell proliferation and fibronectin expression. HG-induced elevation of NADPH oxidase activity and production of ROS in mesangial cells was inhibited by apocynin. These results suggest that HG induces mesangial cell proliferation and fibronectin expression through NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS production. Mechanistic studies revealed that HG upregulated NADPH oxidase subunits p22(phox) and p47(phox) expression through JNK/NF-κB pathway, which resulted in elevation of NADPH oxidase activity and consequent ROS production. Resveratrol prevented HG-induced mesangial cell proliferation and fibronectin expression through inhibiting HG-induced JNK and NF-κB activation, NADPH oxidase activity elevation and ROS production. These results demonstrate that HG enhances mesangial cell proliferation and fibronectin expression through JNK/NF-κB/NADPH oxidase/ROS pathway, which was inhibited by resveratrol. Our findings provide novel therapeutic targets for diabetic nephropathy.

Zhang L ，Pang S ，Deng B ，Qian L ，Chen J ，Zou J ，Zheng J ，Yang L ，Zhang C ，Chen X ，Liu Z ，Le Y ... -  《-》

Resveratrol protects vascular smooth muscle cells against high glucose-induced oxidative stress and cell proliferation in vitro.

Guo R ，Li W ，Liu B ，Li S ，Zhang B ，Xu Y ... -  《Medical Science Monitor Basic Research》

Rosiglitazone attenuates NF-κB-mediated Nox4 upregulation in hyperglycemia-activated endothelial cells.

Williams CR ，Lu X ，Sutliff RL ，Hart CM ... -  《-》

Inhibition of NADPH oxidase-related oxidative stress-triggered signaling by honokiol suppresses high glucose-induced human endothelial cell apoptosis.

Sheu ML ，Chiang CK ，Tsai KS ，Ho FM ，Weng TI ，Wu HY ，Liu SH ... -  《FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE》