A long non-coding RNA signature in glioblastoma multiforme predicts survival.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent the leading edge of cancer research, and have been implicated in cancer biogenesis and prognosis. We aimed to identify lncRNA signatures that have prognostic values in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Using a lncRNA-mining approach, we performed lncRNA expression profiling in 213 GBM tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), randomly divided into a training (n=107) and a testing set (n=106). We analyzed the associations between lncRNA signatures and clinical outcome in the training set, and validated the findings in the testing set. We also validated the identified lncRNA signature in another two independent GBM data sets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), which contained specimens from 68 and 101 patients, respectively. We identified a set of six lncRNAs that were significantly associated with the overall survival in the training set (P≤0.01). Based on this six-lncRNA signature, the training-set patients could be classified into high-risk and low-risk subgroups with significantly different survival (HR=2.13, 95% CI=1.38-3.29; P=0.001). The prognostic value of this six-lncRNA signature was confirmed in the testing set and the two independent data sets. Further analysis revealed that the prognostic value of this signature was independent of age and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status. The identification of the prognostic lncRNAs indicates the potential roles of lncRNAs in GBM pathogenesis. This six-lncRNA signature may have clinical implications in the subclassification of GBM.

Zhang XQ ，Sun S ，Lam KF ，Kiang KM ，Pu JK ，Ho AS ，Lui WM ，Fung CF ，Wong TS ，Leung GK ... -  《-》

A five-miRNA signature with prognostic and predictive value for MGMT promoter-methylated glioblastoma patients.

Cheng W ，Ren X ，Cai J ，Zhang C ，Li M ，Wang K ，Liu Y ，Han S ，Wu A ... -  《Oncotarget》

Identification of a multidimensional transcriptome signature for survival prediction of postoperative glioblastoma multiforme patients.

Gao WZ ，Guo LM ，Xu TQ ，Yin YH ，Jia F ... -  《Journal of Translational Medicine》

LncRNA profile of glioblastoma reveals the potential role of lncRNAs in contributing to glioblastoma pathogenesis.

Han L ，Zhang K ，Shi Z ，Zhang J ，Zhu J ，Zhu S ，Zhang A ，Jia Z ，Wang G ，Yu S ，Pu P ，Dong L ，Kang C ... -  《-》

Prospective Series of Nine Long Noncoding RNAs Associated with Survival of Patients with Glioblastoma.

 To analyze the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression profile of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and identify prognosis-related lncRNAs, as well as their related protein-coding genes and functions.  The lncRNA expression profiles were obtained by microarray in six samples each of GBM and normal brain tissue. The lncRNAs expressed were significantly different between the two groups and used to detect their associations with patient survival time by downloading the related data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The total RNA-sequencing data of 152 patients diagnosed GBM level 3 with complete clinic information was downloaded. The survival time-dependent lncRNAs were identified by multivariate Cox regression analysis. For the survival time-dependent lncRNAs, we used the Pearson correlation coefficient and z test to search their associated protein-coding genes downloaded from TCGA. Functions of these genes were annotated by the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) for gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis.  More than 1,000 antisense lncRNAs and enhancer lncRNAs were selected for analysis in this study. Data from 152 cases with RNA-seq of GBM level 3 with complete information on GBM were downloaded from the TCGA database. Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed 19 lncRNAs with survival time dependency. These nine lncRNAs were used to construct our survival model via multivariate Cox regression analysis: TP73-AS1, AC078883.3, RP11-944L7.4, HAR1B, RP4-635E18.7, HOTAIR, SAPCD1-AS1, AC104653.1, and RP5-1172N10.2. The nine lncRNAs associated with them were inputted into the DAVID database for gene ontology and KEGG function enrichment analysis. The result showed these genes were enriched with ion binding, transport, cell-cell signaling, plasma membrane parts, and more, and they were mainly related to neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.  The nine lncRNAs were a set of biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with GBM, enabling a more accurate prediction of survival and revealing more biological functions.

Lei B ，Yu L ，Jung TA ，Deng Y ，Xiang W ，Liu Y ，Qi S ... -  《-》