Retinal vessel caliber is associated with the 10-year incidence of glaucoma: the Blue Mountains Eye Study.

To examine associations between quantitatively measured retinal vessel caliber and the 10-year incidence of primary open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Population-based cohort study. The Blue Mountains Eye Study examined 3654 persons at baseline and 2461 persons at either 5 years, 10 years, or both times. After excluding 44 subjects with OAG at baseline, 2417 participants at risk of OAG at the 5- or 10-year examinations were included. Retinal vessel calibers of baseline retinal photographs were measured using a computer-based program and summarized as central retinal artery and vein equivalents (CRAE, CRVE). Incident OAG was defined as the development of typical glaucomatous visual field loss combined with matching optic disc rim thinning and an enlarged cup-to-disc (C:D) ratio of >0.7 or C:D asymmetry between the 2 eyes (≥0.3) at either the 5- or 10-year examination. Generalized estimating equation models were used to account for correlation between eyes while adjusting for glaucoma risk characteristics including intraocular pressure (IOP) or ocular perfusion pressure (OPP). We assessed the 10-year incidence of OAG. There were 82 persons (104 eyes) who developed incident OAG over the 10-year follow-up. After adjusting for age, sex, family history of glaucoma, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, body mass index, spherical equivalent refraction, and C:D ratio, narrower CRAE was associated with higher risk of incident OAG (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-2.79, per standard deviation decrease in CRAE). This association persisted after further adjustment for IOP (adjusted OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.14-3.05) or OPP (adjusted OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.11-2.78), and remained significant when analyses were confined to eyes with IOP<20 mmHg and C:D ratio<0.6 at baseline. There were no independent associations between CRVE and incident OAG. Retinal arteriolar narrowing, quantitatively measured from retinal photographs, was associated with long-term risk of OAG. These data support the concept that early vascular changes are involved in the pathogenesis of OAG and suggest that computer-based measurements of retinal vessel caliber may be useful to identify people with an increased risk of developing the clinical stage of glaucoma. The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article.

Kawasaki R ，Wang JJ ，Rochtchina E ，Lee AJ ，Wong TY ，Mitchell P ... -  《-》

Retinal vessel diameter and open-angle glaucoma: the Blue Mountains Eye Study.

Mitchell P ，Leung H ，Wang JJ ，Rochtchina E ，Lee AJ ，Wong TY ，Klein R ... -  《-》

Retinal vessel caliber and the long-term incidence of age-related cataract: the Blue Mountains Eye Study.

Tan AG ，Mitchell P ，Burlutsky G ，Rochtchina E ，Kanthan G ，Islam FM ，Wang JJ ... -  《-》

Associations between elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma, use of glaucoma medications, and 5-year incident cataract: the Blue Mountains Eye Study.

Chandrasekaran S ，Cumming RG ，Rochtchina E ，Mitchell P ... -  《-》

Retinal vessel diameters and incident open-angle glaucoma and optic disc changes: the Rotterdam study.

Ikram MK ，de Voogd S ，Wolfs RC ，Hofman A ，Breteler MM ，Hubbard LD ，de Jong PT ... -  《INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE》