15-Deoxy-Δ(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) attenuates the biological activities of monocyte/macrophage cell lines.

Monocytes/macrophages link the innate and adaptive immune systems, and in inflammatory disorders their activation leads to tissue damage. 15-Deoxy-Δ(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)), a natural peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ligand, has garnered much interest because it possesses anti-inflammatory properties in a number of experimental models. However, whether it regulates monocytes/macrophage pathophysiology is still unknown. This study was designed to examine the effects of 15d-PGJ(2) on the phagocytosis, proliferation and inflammatory cytokines generation in mouse monocyte/macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and J774A.1 cells upon lipopolysaccharide challenge. Our results showed that 15d-PGJ(2) inhibited the phagocytic activity and cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and suppressed proinflammatory cytokines expression, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β1, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. These effects were independent of PPARγ, because PPARγ agonist (troglitazone or ciglitazone) and PPARγ antagonist (GW9662) did not affect these activities mentioned above in cells. Treatment of 15d-PGJ(2) also did not modulate expression and distribution of PPARγ. However, these effects of 15d-PGJ(2) were abrogated by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. Moreover, treatment of 15d-PGJ(2) induced a significant increase in reactive oxygen species production in RAW264.7 and J774A.1 cells. In conclusion, 15d-PGJ(2) attenuates the biological activities of mouse monocyte/macrophage cell line cells involving oxidative stress, independently of PPARγ. These data further underline the anti-inflammation potential of 15d-PGJ(2).

Liu X ，Yu H ，Yang L ，Li C ，Li L ... -  《-》

Upregulation of MIP-2 (CXCL2) expression by 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) in mouse peritoneal macrophages.

Kim HY ，Kim HS 《IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY》

15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) and troglitazone regulation of the release of phospholipid metabolites, inflammatory cytokines and proteases from human gestational tissues.

Lappas M ，Permezel M ，Rice GE 《PLACENTA》

15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 inhibits the expression of proinflammatory genes in human blood monocytes via a PPAR-gamma-independent mechanism.

Hinz B ，Brune K ，Pahl A 《BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS》

The 15-deoxy-δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits LPS‑stimulated inflammation via enhancement of the platelet‑activating factor acetylhydrolase activity in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Jung WK ，Lee CM ，Lee DS ，Na G ，Lee DY ，Choi I ，Park SG ，Seo SK ，Yang JW ，Choi JS ，Lee YM ，Park WS ，Choi IW ... -  《-》