Nurse educators and professional ethics--ethical principles and their implementation from nurse educators' perspectives.

This study describes nurse educators' knowledge of the ethical principles of professional codes of ethics and educators' assessment of the implementation of principles of fairness and human respect. Data for this study was collected from nurse educators in Finland. The data was analyzed by SPSS (15.0) for Windows. A total of 342 nurse educators participated. The response rate was 46%. Nurse educators knew well the ethical principles of professional codes governing their work. Older and more experienced educators knew the principles better than younger and less experienced. According to the educators the principle of fairness was implemented the best whereas fair treatment of nurse educators and respect for educators' opinions in the society were implemented the weakest. Educators who knew the principles well assessed themselves to act in a fairer way and to respect other persons' opinions in a better way than educators who knew these principles less well. They also felt themselves to be better treated than educators having less knowledge of the principles. These findings can be utilized to develop nurse educators' ethics education. Further research should focus on students', colleagues' and superiors' assessments of nurse educators' ethical knowledge base to gain comparative data on the phenomenon.

Salminen L ，Metsämäki R ，Numminen OH ，Leino-Kilpi H ... -  《-》

Nurse educators' teaching of codes of ethics.

Although codes of ethics are thought to be an important element of nursing ethics curriculum research focusing on nurses' codes is scarce and negligible in the area of education. This study explores Finnish nurse educators' teaching of codes of ethics. A total of 183 nurse educators from polytechnics providing basic nursing education in Finland answered a structured questionnaire with one open-ended question. The data was analysed statistically by SPSS and by content analysis. The responding educators' teaching of the codes was rather extensive. The focus of teaching was on the nurse-patient relationship. Nursing in a wider social context was less emphasized. Integrated teaching was the prevalent teaching format. Educators' use of teaching and evaluation methods was fairly narrow aiming at a student-centred approach. Educators' knowledge of the codes was mainly based on informal learning. The majority assessed their knowledge as adequate for teaching the codes. Educators who were motivated to build their knowledge voluntarily also taught the codes more. Educators assessed nursing students' knowledge and ability to apply the codes as mediocre. Organization of integrated teaching, objective assessment of nurse educators' competence to teach the codes, and evaluation of student outcomes need further exploring.

Numminen OH ，Leino-Kilpi H ，van der Arend A ，Katajisto J ... -  《-》

Nursing students and teaching of codes of ethics: an empirical research study.

Numminen OH ，Leino-Kilpi H ，van der Arend A ，Katajisto J ... -  《-》

Comparison of nurse educators' and nursing students' descriptions of teaching codes of ethics.

Numminen O ，Leino-Kilpi H ，van der Arend A ，Katajisto J ... -  《-》

Fairness and respect in nurse educators' work- nursing students' perceptions.

This study describes how the ethical principles of fairness and respect come true in the work of nurse educators from the perspective of nursing students. Nurse educators' competence of professional ethics is important in providing an ethical role model to nursing students and to professionals in the field of health care. The descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The data were collected from graduating nursing students (n = 202) in Finland with an internet-based questionnaire consisting of 22 structured questions with 5-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that educators' fairness and respect towards others (colleagues, superiors, mentors, nursing leaders) was good but towards students their fairness did not achieve as good a level. Also, according to the students' assessment, the educators did not respect the students' individual opinions in all cases. Educators' fairness and respect towards their colleagues was satisfactory. The appreciation of educators in the society was reasonably good, but in the opinion of the students the views of educators were not respected very much. As a conclusion, can be said that educators need to put more emphasis on their action.

Salminen L ，Rinne J ，Stolt M ，Leino-Kilpi H ... -  《-》