Alcohol consumption and outcome in stable outpatients with peripheral artery disease.

The influence of alcohol consumption on outcome in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) has not been thoroughly studied. Factores de Riesgo y ENfermedad Arterial (FRENA) is an ongoing, multicenter, observational registry of consecutive stable outpatients with arterial disease. We compared the mortality rate and the incidence of subsequent ischemic events in patients with PAD, according to their alcohol habits. As of August 2010, 1073 patients with PAD were recruited, of whom 863 (80%) had intermittent claudication (Fontaine stage II), 102 (9.5%) had rest pain (Fontaine stage III), and 108 (10%) had ischemic skin lesions (Fontaine stage IV). In all, 422 patients (39%) consumed alcohol during the study period. Over a mean follow-up of 13 months, 150 patients (14%) developed subsequent ischemic events (myocardial infarction 28, stroke 30, disabling claudication/critical limb ischemia 100), and 70 patients (6.5%) died. The incidence of subsequent events was the same in both subgroups: 11.8 events per 100 patient-years (rate ratio: 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-1.41), but the mortality rate was significantly lower in alcohol consumers than in non-consumers: 2.78 vs 6.58 deaths per 100 patient-years (rate ratio: 0.42; 95% CI, 0.23-0.74; P = .002). This better outcome was consistently found in patients with Fontaine stages II and III or IV, and persisted after multivariate adjustment (relative risk: 0.49; 95% CI, 0.28-0.88). In patients with PAD, moderate alcohol consumption was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality and overall mortality than abstention. These patients should be informed that low to moderate alcohol consumption may not be harmful to their health.

Garcia-Diaz AM ，Marchena PJ ，Toril J ，Arnedo G ，Muñoz-Torrero JF ，Yeste M ，Aguilar E ，Monreal M ，FRENA Investigators ... -  《-》

Clinical outcome in patients with peripheral artery disease. Results from a prospective registry (FRENA).

Monreal M ，Alvarez L ，Vilaseca B ，Coll R ，Suárez C ，Toril J ，Sanclemente C ，FRENA Investigators ... -  《-》

Smoking cessation and outcome in stable outpatients with coronary, cerebrovascular, or peripheral artery disease.

Alvarez LR ，Balibrea JM ，Suriñach JM ，Coll R ，Pascual MT ，Toril J ，López-Jiménez L ，Monreal M ，FRENA Investigators ... -  《-》

Body mass index and outcome in patients with coronary, cerebrovascular, or peripheral artery disease: findings from the FRENA registry.

Barba R ，Bisbe J ，Pedrajas JN ，Toril J ，Monte R ，Muñoz-Torrero JF ，Monreal M ，FRENA Investigators ... -  《-》

Renal function and short-term outcome in stable outpatients with coronary, cerebrovascular or peripheral artery disease.

The influence of renal function on outcome in stable outpatients with atherosclerotic disease has not been thoroughly studied. We used the FRENA Registry data to compare the incidence of subsequent ischemic events (myocardial infarction [MI], ischemic stroke or limb amputation) in patients with coronary (CAD), cerebrovascular (CVD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD), according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline. As of April 2012, 3860 patients were recruited in FRENA: 1439 with CAD, 1118 with CVD and 1303 with PAD. Over a mean follow-up of 14 ± 12 months, 97 patients suffered subsequent MI, 93 had ischemic stroke and 46 underwent limb amputation. In all, 2699 patients (70%) had eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), 1022 (26%) had 30-60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), and 139 (3.6%) had <30 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Among patients with CAD, the rate of subsequent MI was: 1.38 (95% CI: 0.85-2.11), 5.79 (95% CI: 3.90-8.31) and 18.8 (95% CI: 9.14-34.4) events per 100 patient-years, respectively. On multivariable analysis, the hazard ratio for MI (compared with patients with eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) was of 1.77 (95% CI: 1.15-2.73) for patients with eGFR of 30-60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), and 3.15 (95% CI: 1.61-6.14) for those with eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Among patients with CVD or PAD, there was no increasing rate of subsequent ischemic events with decreasing renal function. Among stable outpatients with CAD, there is an increasing rate of subsequent MI with decreasing renal function, independently of potentially confounding variables. These findings were not observed in patients with CVD or PAD.

Bernaudo D ，Coll R ，Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero JF ，Pascual MT ，García-Díaz AM ，Alvarez LR ，Monreal M ，FRENA Investigators ... -  《-》