Lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase in rat brain exposed to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides.

Oxidative stress by increased production of reactive oxygen species has been implicated in the toxicity of many pesticides. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a broad spectrum insecticide, composed of a mixture of organophosphate plus pyrethroids (fenitrothion 25%, lambda cyhalothrin 2.5% and piperonyl butoxide 6%), on antioxidant status and oxidative stress biomarkers in rat brain. Different insecticide concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 mM) were incubated with brain homogenate at 37 °C for time intervals (0, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min). Exposure to insecticide mixture resulted in a significant increase (p<0.05) in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), which might be associated with decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and acetylcholinesterase activities and beside protein content in rat brain. However, a significant induction of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities was observed. The response was concentration and time dependent. Results showed that the used insecticides had the propensity to cause significant oxidative damage in rat brain, which is associated with marked perturbations in antioxidant defense system in addition to antioxidant enzymes can be used as potential biomarkers of toxicity associated with pesticides exposure.

El-Demerdash FM 《-》

Cytotoxic effect of fenitrothion and lambda-cyhalothrin mixture on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system in rat kidney.

El-Demerdash FM 《-》

Lambda-cyhalothrin-induced changes in oxidative stress biomarkers in rabbit erythrocytes and alleviation effect of some antioxidants.

El-Demerdash FM 《TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO》

Oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity induced by synthetic pyrethroids-organophosphate insecticides mixture in rat.

El-Demerdash FM 《-》

Toxic effects of lambda-cyhalothrin, a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, on the rat kidney: Involvement of oxidative stress and protective role of ascorbic acid.

Lambda-cyhalothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used worldwide in agriculture, home pest control, protection of foodstuff and disease vector control. The objective of this study was to investigate the propensity of lambda-cyhalothrin (LTC) to induce oxidative stress, changes in biochemical parameters and enzyme activities in the kidney of male rats and its possible attenuation by Vitamin C (vit C). Renal function, histopathology, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PCO) levels, antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were evaluated. Exposure of rats to lambda-cyhalothrin, during 3 weeks, caused a significant increase in kidney MDA and protein carbonyl levels (p<0.01) as compared to controls. Co-administration of vitamin C was effective in reducing MDA and PCO levels. The kidney of LTC-treated rats exhibited severe vacuolations, cells infiltration and widened tubular lumen. The activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were significantly decreased due to lambda-cyhalothrin exposure. Co-administration of vitamin C ameliorated the increase in enzymatic activities of aminotransferases (AST and ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine and urea levels and improved the antioxidant status. These data indicated the protective role of ascorbic acid against lambda-cyhalothrin-induced nephrotoxicity and suggested a significant contribution of its antioxidant property to these beneficial effects.

Fetoui H ，Makni M ，Garoui el M ，Zeghal N ... -  《-》