What are the best markers for disease progression in osteoarthritis (OA)?

To be able to prevent progression of osteoarthritis, the knowledge of prognostic factors of this progression is important. If certain prognostic factors are modifiable, they may enhance our ability to reduce osteoarthritis progression. Even if these prognostic factors are not modifiable, they can still be used to identify high-risk groups, which may have implications for patient information and the perspective of medical treatment. Prognostic factors of progression are reviewed here, mainly for hip and knee osteoarthritis as most data available concern these localisations. Areas of further research are highlighted.

Cheung PP ，Gossec L ，Dougados M 《-》

Risk factors and prognostic factors of hip and knee osteoarthritis.

Bierma-Zeinstra SM ，Koes BW 《nature clinical practice rheumatology》

Prognosis of limitations in activities in osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: a 3-year cohort study.

van Dijk GM, Veenhof C, Spreeuwenberg P, Coene N, Burger BJ, van Schaardenburg D, van den Ende CH, Lankhorst GJ, Dekker J, on behalf of the CARPA Study Group. Prognosis of limitations in activities in osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: a 3-year cohort study. To describe the course of limitations in activities in elderly patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip or knee over a follow-up period of 3 years, and to identify prognostic factors of the course of limitations in activities, focusing on body functions, comorbidity, and cognitive functioning. A longitudinal cohort study with 3 years of follow-up. Measurements were conducted annually. Statistical analyses included t tests, univariate regression analyses, and multivariate regression analyses. Rehabilitation centers and hospitals (Departments of Orthopedics, Rheumatology, and Rehabilitation) in The Netherlands. Patients (N=237) with hip or knee OA. Not applicable. Patient-perceived change, self-reported limitations in activities measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and observed limitations in activities (timed walking test). Prognostic factors: demographic data, clinical data, body function (pain, muscle strength, range of motion [ROM]), comorbidity, and cognitive functioning (cognitive decline, memory, attention). Self-reported limitations in activities measured by the WOMAC improved slightly after 3-year follow-up. In knee OA, reduced ROM at 1-year follow-up (beta=.120), increased pain at 1-year follow-up (beta=-.177), and higher morbidity count (beta=-.180) predicted worsening of self-reported limitations in activities. In hip OA, reduced ROM at 1-year follow-up (beta=.201 for hip external rotation and beta=.144 for knee extension), increased pain at 1-year follow-up (beta=-.134), higher morbidity count (beta=-.220), or the presence of moderate to severe cardiac disease (beta=-.214) and poorer cognitive functioning (beta=.181) predicted worsening of self-reported limitations in activities. Performance-based limitations in activities measured by the timed walking test did not change after 3 years of follow-up. In knee OA, decreased muscle strength at 1-year follow-up (beta=-.272) and higher morbidity count (beta=.199) predicted worsening of performance-based limitations in activities. In hip OA, better ROM (beta=.182), higher morbidity count (beta=.232), or the presence of moderate to severe cardiac and eye-ear-nose-throat disease (beta=.210 and beta=.188, respectively) and older age (beta=.355) predicted worsening of performance-based limitations in activities. Overall, at the group level, limitations in activities of patients with OA of the hip or knee recruited from hospitals and rehabilitation centers seem fairly stable during the first 3 years of follow-up. However, at the level of individual patients, considerable variation occurs. Prognostic factors for worsening of limitations in activities include increased pain, reduced ROM, and decreased muscle strength at 1-year follow-up; higher morbidity count; and to a lesser extent poor cognitive functioning.

van Dijk GM ，Veenhof C ，Spreeuwenberg P ，Coene N ，Burger BJ ，van Schaardenburg D ，van den Ende CH ，Lankhorst GJ ，Dekker J ，CARPA Study Group ... -  《-》

Strategies for the prevention and management of osteoarthritis of the hip and knee.

Bijlsma JW ，Knahr K 《-》

Does hand osteoarthritis predict future hip or knee osteoarthritis?

Dahaghin S ，Bierma-Zeinstra SM ，Reijman M ，Pols HA ，Hazes JM ，Koes BW ... -  《ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM》