Changes in faecal microbiota of infants with cow's milk protein allergy--a Spanish prospective case-control 6-month follow-up study.

Major differences have been found in gut microbiota between healthy and allergic children, and a possible association between allergy and altered microbiota patterns have been postulated. The main object of the study was to compare the faecal microbiota between healthy and cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) infants at the baseline immediately after the diagnosis, and to evaluate the changes in the faecal microbiota after 6 months of treatment of CMPA infants fed on extensively cow's milk protein hydrolyzed formulae without pre- or probiotics, compared with healthy children fed on standard milk formulae. The population comprised 92 infants aged 2-12 months who were non-allergic (n=46) or diagnosed with IgE-mediated CMPA (n=46). At baseline and at 6 months, faecal samples were collected into sterile plastic tubes, immediately placed into anaerobic jars and processed within 2 h of their collection. Weighed faeces samples were diluted from 10(-1) to 10(-7) and cultured in selective media for total count of aerobes, anaerobes, enterobacteria, bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, clostridia and yeasts. Samples from non-allergic and allergic infants were compared at baseline and at 6 months using appropriate statistical tests, considering p<0.05 to be significant. In comparison with healthy infants, CMPA infants had higher total bacteria and anaerobic counts and a lower yeast count at baseline, finding no difference in the proportions of each bacterial group between groups. After 6 months, CMPA infants showed higher anaerobic and lactobacilli counts, a higher proportion of lactobacilli, a lower count and proportion of bifidobacteria, and lower proportions of enterobacteria and yeasts. Comparison of faecal samples from CMPA infants between baseline and at 6 months showed an increase in count and proportion of lactobacilli and a decrease in counts and proportions of enterobacteria and bifidobacteria. Differences in the composition of gut microbiota between CMPA and healthy infants may influence in the development of or protection from this allergy.

Thompson-Chagoyan OC ，Vieites JM ，Maldonado J ，Edwards C ，Gil A ... -  《-》

Rectal bleeding in infancy: clinical, allergological, and microbiological examination.

Arvola T ，Ruuska T ，Keränen J ，Hyöty H ，Salminen S ，Isolauri E ... -  《-》

Safety and efficacy of a new extensively hydrolyzed formula for infants with cow's milk protein allergy.

Niggemann B ，von Berg A ，Bollrath C ，Berdel D ，Schauer U ，Rieger C ，Haschke-Becher E ，Wahn U ... -  《-》

Faecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acid levels in faeces from infants with cow's milk protein allergy.

The present study was designed to compare the faecal microbiota and concentrations of faecal short-chain fatty acid and ammonia between healthy and cow's milk protein allergic (CMPA) infants. The population comprised 92 infants aged 2-12 months who were nonallergic (n = 46) or diagnosed as having CMPA (n = 46). Faecal samples were analyzed by fluorescent in situ hybridization and flow cytometry, using a panel of 10 rRNA targeted group- and species-specific oligonucleotide probes. Acetic, propionic, butyric, isocaproic and branched-chain short fatty acids (BCSFA) were measured by gas-liquid chromatography, lactate by enzymatic reaction, and pH and ammonia levels were determined. CMPA infant faeces had significantly higher proportions of the Clostridium coccoides group and Atopobium cluster and a higher sum of the proportions of the different bacterial groups in comparison to healthy infant faeces. Faecal pH and ammonia did not significantly differ between CMPA and healthy infants. Faeces concentrations and percentages of butyric acid and BCSFA were higher in CMPA infants than in healthy infants. The findings clearly set a link between a dysbiosis in gut microbiota composition and the pathogenesis of CMPA. No single species or genus appeared to play an essential role, but dysbiosis led to biomarkers of CMPA among bacterial fermentation products.

Thompson-Chagoyan OC ，Fallani M ，Maldonado J ，Vieites JM ，Khanna S ，Edwards C ，Doré J ，Gil A ... -  《-》

Microbiota and Derived Parameters in Fecal Samples of Infants with Non-IgE Cow's Milk Protein Allergy under a Restricted Diet.

Díaz M ，Guadamuro L ，Espinosa-Martos I ，Mancabelli L ，Jiménez S ，Molinos-Norniella C ，Pérez-Solis D ，Milani C ，Rodríguez JM ，Ventura M ，Bousoño C ，Gueimonde M ，Margolles A ，Díaz JJ ，Delgado S ... -  《Nutrients》