Trafficking and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population of stem/progenitor cells with pluripotent capacity to differentiate into mesodermal and non-mesodermal cell lineages, including osteocytes, adipocytes, chondrocytes, myocytes, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, epithelial cells, and neurons. MSCs reside primarily in the bone marrow, but also exist in other sites such as adipose tissue, peripheral blood, cord blood, liver, and fetal tissues. When stimulated by specific signals, these cells can be released from their niche in the bone marrow into circulation and recruited to the target tissues where they undergo in situ differentiation and contribute to tissue regeneration and homeostasis. Several characteristics of MSCs, such as the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages and the ability to be expanded ex vivo while retaining their original lineage differentiation commitment, make these cells very interesting targets for potential therapeutic use in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. The feasibility for transplantation of primary or engineered MSCs as cell-based therapy has been demonstrated. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the signals that control trafficking and differentiation of MSCs.

Liu ZJ ，Zhuge Y ，Velazquez OC 《-》

5-Azacytidine-treated human mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells derived from umbilical cord, cord blood and bone marrow do not generate cardiomyocytes in vitro at high frequencies.

Martin-Rendon E ，Sweeney D ，Lu F ，Girdlestone J ，Navarrete C ，Watt SM ... -  《-》

Matrix-mediated retention of adipogenic differentiation potential by human adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells during ex vivo expansion.

Mauney JR ，Volloch V ，Kaplan DL 《BIOMATERIALS》

Identification of common pathways mediating differentiation of bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived human mesenchymal stem cells into three mesenchymal lineages.

Liu TM ，Martina M ，Hutmacher DW ，Hui JH ，Lee EH ，Lim B ... -  《STEM CELLS》

Mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Tae SK ，Lee SH ，Park JS ，Im GI ... -  《-》