Role of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 in the vitreous in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

To determine the vitreous level of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) or idiopathic macular hole (MH). Furthermore, to investigate the relationships among sVEGFR-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). Retrospective case-control study. Thirty-eight patients who underwent vitrectomy (PDR [27 eyes in 26 patients] or MH [12 eyes in 12 patients]). In vitreous fluid samples obtained during vitreoretinal surgery, sVEGFR-1, VEGF, and PEDF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Effects of sVEGFR-1 on VEGF-A-induced tube formation were investigated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells co-cultured with fibroblasts. Levels of sVEGFR-1 and the relationships among sVEGFR-1, VEGF, and PEDF in vitreous fluids from patients with PDR or MH. In PDR (vs MH), there were significantly higher vitreous concentrations of both sVEGFR-1 (3949.4+/-608.9 pg/mL [mean +/- standard error, n = 27] vs 1568.8+/-595.0 pg/mL [n = 12, P = 0.009]) and VEGF (1316.2+/-404.6 pg/mL [n = 27] vs 11.7+/-8.1 pg/mL [n = 12, P = 0.003]), whereas the vitreous concentration of PEDF was significantly lower (2.1+/-1.1 ng/mL [n = 27] vs 41.6+/-17.0 ng/mL [n = 12, P = 0.041]). In PDR, there was a significant positive correlation between the sVEGFR-1 and VEGF vitreous concentrations (r = 0.414, P = 0.032), but not between PEDF and VEGF (r = 0.196, P = 0.328) or between sVEGFR-1 and PEDF (r = 0.167, P = 0.406). In vitro, sVEGFR-1 (0.1-1000 ng/mL) concentration-dependently inhibited VEGF-A-induced tube formation, its effect being significant at 100 to 1000 ng/mL on the tube area, length, and path. In the vitreous fluids of patients with PDR, the sVEGFR-1 level was increased (vs that in patients with MH), and sVEGFR-1 correlated significantly with VEGF. In vitro, sVEGFR-1 reduced VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Thus, sVEGFR-1 may play a pivotal antiangiogenic role in PDR.

Matsunaga N ，Chikaraishi Y ，Izuta H ，Ogata N ，Shimazawa M ，Matsumura M ，Hara H ... -  《-》

Correlation between ficolin-3 and vascular endothelial growth factor-to-pigment epithelium-derived factor ratio in the vitreous of eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

To investigate the relationship of ficolin-3 with inflammatory and angiogenic factors, namely, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), in the vitreous of eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Case-control study. Vitreous fluid and serum samples were obtained at the time of vitreoretinal surgery from 21 eyes of 21 patients with PDR and from 16 eyes of 16 nondiabetic patients with idiopathic macular hole. Ficolin-3, VEGF, and PEDF concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Vitreous ficolin-3 levels were significantly higher in eyes with PDR than in eyes with idiopathic macular hole. Similarly, VEGF levels also were significantly higher in eyes with PDR than in eyes with idiopathic macular hole. In contrast, vitreous PEDF concentrations were significantly lower in eyes with PDR than in eyes with idiopathic macular hole, and the VEGF-to-PEDF ratio was higher in eyes with PDR than in eyes with idiopathic macular hole. Furthermore, a significant correlation between ficolin-3 and the VEGF-to-PEDF ratio was observed in the vitreous of eyes with PDR. In addition, serum ficolin-3 levels in eyes with PDR were higher than the levels in eyes with idiopathic macular hole, and the vitreous ficolin-3 levels also correlated with serum ficolin-3 levels. We found that ficolin-3 levels were elevated in the vitreous fluid of patients with PDR. Our results suggest that ficolin-3 may be used as a new therapeutic target for treatment of PDR.

Zheng B ，Li T ，Chen H ，Xu X ，Zheng Z ... -  《-》

Proinflammatory cytokines and angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and eales' disease.

Murugeswari P ，Shukla D ，Rajendran A ，Kim R ，Namperumalsamy P ，Muthukkaruppan V ... -  《RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES》

Vitreous levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor and vascular endothelial growth factor: implications for ocular angiogenesis.

Duh EJ ，Yang HS ，Haller JA ，De Juan E ，Humayun MS ，Gehlbach P ，Melia M ，Pieramici D ，Harlan JB ，Campochiaro PA ，Zack DJ ... -  《AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY》

Vitreous and aqueous concentrations of proangiogenic, antiangiogenic factors and other cytokines in diabetic retinopathy patients with macular edema: Implications for structural differences in macular profiles.

Patel JI ，Tombran-Tink J ，Hykin PG ，Gregor ZJ ，Cree IA ... -  《EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH》