Human papillomavirus genotypes associated with cervical cytologic abnormalities and HIV infection in Ugandan women.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with almost all cases of cervical cancer, and cervical cancer is a common malignancy in women living in developing countries. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HPV infection, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and cervical cytologic abnormalities in women presenting to a sexually transmitted infections clinic in Kampala, Uganda. In June and July, 2002, 135 women underwent complete physical exams including Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. HIV status was evaluated by serology. Cervical and vaginal swabs were obtained by clinicians and tested for HPV genotypes by PCR/reverse blot strip assay. Of the 106 women with cervical swabs adequate for HPV testing, the HPV prevalence was 46.2% (49/106). HIV prevalence was 34.9% (37/106). High risk genotypes 52, 58, and 16 were the genotypes detected most commonly. Eighteen percent (9/49) of women infected with HPV were found to have genotypes 16 and/or 18. Seventy-three percent (27/37) of HIV-positive women versus 16% (10/63) of HIV-negative women had abnormal Pap smears (P < 0.0001). Among HIV-positive women, abnormal Pap smears were associated with the presence of high risk HPV genotypes (P < 0.001). The majority of women infected with HPV attending this sexually transmitted infections clinic in Uganda were infected with high risk HPV genotypes other than 16 and 18. Future studies should focus on whether current HPV vaccine formulations, that are limited to high risk genotypes 16 and 18, would be effective at decreasing the burden of cervical cancer in this population.

Blossom DB ，Beigi RH ，Farrell JJ ，Mackay W ，Qadadri B ，Brown DR ，Rwambuya S ，Walker CJ ，Kambugu FS ，Abdul-Karim FW ，Whalen CC ，Salata RA ... -  《-》

Cervical squamous intra-epithelial changes and human papillomavirus infection in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Pune, India.

In view of the dual burden of HIV infection and cervical cancers in India, this study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of Pap smear abnormalities and human papillomavirus infection among HIV-infected women. Consecutive HIV-infected women attending voluntary counseling testing clinics were enrolled. Written informed consent, demographic information, Pap smears, cervical swabs for HPV typing and a blood sample for CD4+ cell count were collected. Treatment for opportunistic and sexually transmitted infections and reproductive tract infections was provided. Women with Pap smear abnormality were referred for further intervention. Between January 2003 and May 2004, 287 HIV-infected women were enrolled. Pap smear abnormalities were seen in 6.3% women and were more common among women aged 30 and above (P=0.042) and those who had suffered from opportunistic infections (P=0.004). In multivariate analysis, Pap smear abnormalities were associated independently with opportunistic infections (P=0.02, AOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.2--11.5). Of the 100 random cervical specimens screened for HPV 16 and 18 genotypes, 33% (95 CI 23.9--43.1) were positive for HPV 16/18. Of the 122 patients who returned for a follow-up visit, 5 patients (4.1%) who did not have Pap smear abnormality at baseline, had developed Pap smear abnormality. The incidence of Pap smear abnormalities was 5.5 per 100 person year of follow-up. In order to prevent thousands of deaths due to cervical cancer in India, there is a need for strengthening the Pap smear screening program and HPV vaccine development.

Joshi SN ，Gopalkrishna V ，Kumar BK ，Dutta S ，Nyaynirgune P ，Thakar M ，Tripathy S ，Mehendale S ，Paranjape R ... -  《JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY》

Epidemiological data of different human papillomavirus genotypes in cervical specimens of HIV-1-infected women without history of cervical pathology.

Videla S ，Darwich L ，Cañadas MP ，Paredes R ，Tarrats A ，Castella E ，Llatjos M ，Bofill M ，Clotet B ，Sirera G ，HIV-HPV Study Group ... -  《JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES》

Markers of human papillomavirus infection and their correlation with cervical dysplasia in human immunodeficiency virus-positive women.

Riva E ，Serraino D ，Pierangeli A ，Bambacioni F ，Zaniratti S ，Minosse C ，Selleri M ，Bucci M ，Scagnolari C ，Degener AM ，Capobianchi MR ，Antonelli G ，Dianzani F ，Roman Papillomavirus Study Group* ... -  《CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION》

Human papillomavirus infection and its association with cervical dysplasia in Ecuadorian women attending a private cancer screening clinic.

Brown CR ，Leon ML ，Muñoz K ，Fagioni A ，Amador LG ，Frain B ，Tu W ，Qadadri B ，Brown DR ... -  《-》