D-TMPP: a novel androgen-regulated gene preferentially expressed in prostate and prostate cancer that is the first characterized member of an eukaryotic gene family.

The understanding of the molecular biology of the prostate and the process of prostate carcinogenesis is brought forward by the identification and characterization of new genes specifically expressed in prostate tissue. The encoded proteins may, in addition, provide novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools in prostate carcinoma (PCa). Here, we identify the novel gene Dresden-transmembrane protein of the prostate (D-TMPP) that is overexpressed in human prostate and prostate cancer. Proceeding from a prostate-specific expressed sequence tag identified with an Affymetrix chip-based expression database, the full-length cDNA of the novel gene was isolated from prostate tissue. The potential protein-coding function of the open reading frame (ORF) was tested by in vitro transcription-coupled translation and recombinant expression in transfected prostate cancer cells. The expression pattern of D-TMPP in malignant and nonmalignant tissues and tumor cell lines was analyzed by hybridization of a radioactively labeled cDNA probe with a multiple tissue expression array and by a quantitative real-time PCR assay. The D-TMPP-mRNA encodes a putative seven-span transmembrane protein of 883 amino acids and is selectively overexpressed in prostate tissue. D-TMPP represents the first cloned and characterized transcript of a family of eukaryotic genes. D-TMPP transcripts were detected in all analyzed pairs (n = 25) of malignant and nonmalignant prostate tissues. In the androgen-dependent PCa cell line LNCaP, D-TMPP was upregulated by methyltrienolone. We describe the novel prostate-restricted molecule D-TMPP widely expressed in prostate cancer tissues.

Kiessling A ，Weigle B ，Fuessel S ，Ebner R ，Meye A ，Rieger MA ，Schmitz M ，Temme A ，Bachmann M ，Wirth MP ，Rieber EP ... -  《PROSTATE》

A novel transcript from the KLKP1 gene is androgen regulated, down-regulated during prostate cancer progression and encodes the first non-serine protease identified from the human kallikrein gene locus.

The kallikrein-related (KLK) serine protease, prostate specific antigen is the current marker for prostate cancer (PCa). Other members of the KLK family are also emerging as potential adjunct biomarkers for this disease. Our aim was to identify and characterize novel KLK-related genes with potential as PCa bio-markers. Low stringency DNA screening was coupled with amplification techniques to identify novel sequences. Transcripts were examined by Northern blot, RT-PCR, and in situ hybridization analysis and in silico bioinformatics approaches. Protein characterization was performed by Western blot and confocal microscopy analysis. Gene regulation studies were performed by quantitative PCR and promoter reporter assays. We identified a novel kallikrein-related mRNA designated KRIP1 (kallikrein-related, expressed in prostate 1) which, together with the recently reported PsiKLK1 and KLK31P transcripts, is transcribed from KLKP1; a gene evolved from, and located within, the KLK locus. Significantly, in contrast to these other non-coding KLKP1 transcripts, the KRIP1 mRNA generates an approximately 18 kDa intracellular protein-the first non-serine protease identified from the KLK locus. KRIP1 mRNA is abundant only in normal prostate and is restricted to cells of epithelial origin in normal and diseased glands. Ligand binding of the androgen receptor increases transcription from the KLKP1 gene. Consistently, KRIP1 mRNA levels are lower in PCa samples compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Transcription from KLKP1 is reduced as cells de-differentiate on the pathway to malignancy. KLKP1/KRIP1 has potential as a marker of both PCa progression and recent evolutionary events within the KLK locus.

Kaushal A ，Myers SA ，Dong Y ，Lai J ，Tan OL ，Bui LT ，Hunt ML ，Digby MR ，Samaratunga H ，Gardiner RA ，Clements JA ，Hooper JD ... -  《PROSTATE》

AIbZIP, a novel bZIP gene located on chromosome 1q21.3 that is highly expressed in prostate tumors and of which the expression is up-regulated by androgens in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells.

Qi H ，Fillion C ，Labrie Y ，Grenier J ，Fournier A ，Berger L ，El-Alfy M ，Labrie C ... -  《CANCER RESEARCH》

Prostate short-chain dehydrogenase reductase 1 (PSDR1): a new member of the short-chain steroid dehydrogenase/reductase family highly expressed in normal and neoplastic prostate epithelium.

Lin B ，White JT ，Ferguson C ，Wang S ，Vessella R ，Bumgarner R ，True LD ，Hood L ，Nelson PS ... -  《CANCER RESEARCH》

A novel human prostate-specific gene-1 (HPG-1): molecular cloning, sequencing, and its potential involvement in prostate carcinogenesis.

Herness EA ，Naz RK 《CANCER RESEARCH》