自引率: 10.1%
被引量: 2487
通过率: 暂无数据
审稿周期: 2
版面费用: 暂无数据
国人发稿量: 13
投稿须知/期刊简介:
This journal provides an outlet for original research reports on analytical techniques or improvements on existing methods applicable to residues of pesticides, food contaminants (natural and additive), and other chemical contaminants, and their metabolites in the ecosphere. Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes offers original factual reports on the persistence, binding, translocation, chemical and biodegradation, and metabolic fate of these chemicals; their effectual contamination of the biosphere; methods of detoxification; and their toxicological considerations and consequences. The journal also encompasses the development of integrated methods of pest control and various aspects of agricultural wastes.
期刊描述简介:
This journal provides an outlet for original research reports on analytical techniques or improvements on existing methods applicable to residues of pesticides, food contaminants (natural and additive), and other chemical contaminants, and their metabolites in the ecosphere. Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes offers original factual reports on the persistence, binding, translocation, chemical and biodegradation, and metabolic fate of these chemicals; their effectual contamination of the biosphere; methods of detoxification; and their toxicological considerations and consequences. The journal also encompasses the development of integrated methods of pest control and various aspects of agricultural wastes.
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Pungency in Capsicum chinense: variation among countries of origin.
Fruits of 63 accessions of Capsicum chinense Jacq. from the USDA/ARS Capsicum germplasm collection were analyzed for two major capsaicinoids, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, using gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection (GC/NPD). The objectives of the present investigation were: (i) to quantify the major capsaicinoids (capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin) in fruits of Capsicum chinense accessions and (ii) to identify accessions containing great concentrations of capsaicinoids among countries of hot pepper origin. Seeds of C. chinense accessions received from Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, and United States were field grown in a silty-loam soil. Mature fruits were analyzed for major capsaicinoids content. Capsaicin concentrations were generally greater than dihydrocapsaicin. Fruits of C. chinense accession PI640900 (USA) contained the greatest concentration of capsaicin (1.52 mg g(- 1) fruit) and dihydrocapsaicin (1.16 mg g(- 1) fruit), while total major capsaicinoids in the fruits of PI438648 (Mexico) averaged 2 mg g(- 1) fruit. These two accessions were identified as potential candidates for mass production of major capsaicinoids that have health-promoting properties and for use as a source of pest control agents in agricultural fields.
被引量：3 发表：2009
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Antioxidants in hot pepper: variation among accessions.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) pepper (Capsicum spp.) germplasm collection contains several thousand members or accessions. Many of these species and cultivars have not been analyzed for their concentrations of ascorbic acid, capsaicin, and total phenolic compounds, which are important antioxidants having a number of benefits for human health. The objective of this investigation was to select candidate accessions of hot pepper having high concentrations of ascorbic acid, capsaicin, free sugars, and total phenols for use as parents in breeding for these compounds. Seventeen accessions of pepper from the core Capsicum germplasm collection (four accessions of Capsicum chinense; five accessions of C. baccatum; six accessions of C. annuum; and two of C. frutescens) were field grown and their mature fruits were analyzed for their antioxidant composition. Concentrations of these compounds tended to be higher in C. chinense and C. baccatum, than in C. annuum and C. frutescens. Across all accessions the concentration of total phenols was correlated with ascorbic acid (r = 0.97) and free sugars (r = 0.80). Concentrations of total phenols (1.4, 1.3, and 1.3 mg g-1 fruit) and ascorbic acid (1.6, 1.2, and 1.3 mg g-1 fruit) were significantly greater in PI-633757, PI-387833, and PI-633754, respectively, compared to other accessions analyzed. Total capsaicinoids concentrations were greatest (1.3 mg g-1 fruit) in PI-438622 and lowest (0.002 mg g-1 fruit) in Grif-9320. The great variability within and among Capsicum species for these phytochemicals suggests that these selected accessions may be useful as parents in hybridization programs to produce fruits with value-added traits.
被引量：11 发表：2006
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Screening Capsicum accessions for capsaicinoids content.
Ninety Capsicum accessions selected from the USDA Capsicum germplasm collection were screened for their capsaicinoids content using gas hromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection (GC/NPD). Fresh fruits of Capsicum chinense, C. frutescens, C. baccatum, C. annuum, and C. pubescens were extracted with methanol and analyzed for capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and nordihydrocapsaicin. Mass spectrometry of the fruit crude extracts indicated that the molecular ions at m/z 305, 307, and 293, which correspond to capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and nordihydrocapsaicin, respectively, have a common benzyl cation fragment at m/z 137 that can be used for monitoring capsaicinoids in pepper fruit extracts. Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin were the dominant capsaicinoids detected. Capsaicin concentrations were typically greater than dihydrocapsaicin. Concentrations of total capsaicinoids varied from not detectable to 11.2 mg fruit(-1). Statistical analysis revealed that accession PI-441624 (C. chinense) had the highest capsaicin content (2.9 mg g(-1) fresh fruit) and accession PI-497984 (C. frutescens) had the highest dihydrocapsaicin content (2.3 mg g(-1) fresh fruit). Genebank accessions PI-439522 (C. frutescens) and PI-497984 contained the highest concentrations of total capsaicinoids.
被引量：6 发表：2006
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Salmonella enteritidis hilA gene fusion response after incubation in spent media from either S. enteritidis or a poultry Lactobacillus strain.
:The purpose of this study was to determine if growth of a poultry probiotic lactobacilli strain can influence S. enteritidis virulence expression by measuring the response of a hilA-lacZY transcriptional fusion. beta-galactosidase activity was not detected when S. enteritidis was incubated in Lactobacillus-spent medium (24 h growth, pH 4.1, 50.4 mM lactate) but was detectable in spent medium from 4 h growth cultures of Lactobacillus sp. (final OD of 0.213, pH 5.7, 12 mM lactate) when pH and lactate were adjusted to that of the 24 h-pH 4 spent media levels. Adjusting the pH of the 24 h spent medium from 4 to 6, resulted in a measurable beta-galactosidase activity that was significantly higher than expression in LB broth. When S. enteritidis was grown in Salmonella-spent media (24 h growth, pH 4.2, 78 mM acetate), hilA expression was increased 4-fold over expression in the LB broth.
被引量：- 发表：2000
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Degradation of atrazine, metolachlor, and pendimethalin in pesticide-contaminated soils: effects of aged residues on soil respiration and plant survival.
:This study was conducted to determine the effects of pesticide mixtures on degradation patterns of parent compounds as well as effects on soil microbial respiration. Bioavailability of residues to sensitive plant species was also determined. Soil for this study was obtained from a pesticide-contaminated area within an agrochemical dealer site. Degradation patterns were not affected by the presence or absence of other herbicides in this study. Atrazine concentrations were significantly lower at 21 through 160 days aging time compared to day 0 concentrations. Metolachlor and pendimethalin concentrations were not significantly different over time and remained high throughout the study. Microbial respiration was suppressed in treated soils from day 21 to day 160. Soybean and canola were the most successful plant species in the germination and survival tests. Generally, with increased aging of pesticides in soil, germination time decreased. Survival time of plants increased over time for some treatments indicating possible decreased bioavailability of pesticide residues. In some cases, survival time decreased at the longer 160-day aging period, possibly indicating a change in bioavailability, perhaps as the result of formation of more bioavailable and phytotoxic metabolites. No interactive effects were noted for mixtures of pesticides compared to individually applied pesticides in terms of degradation of the parent compound or on seed germination, plant survival, or microbial respiration.
被引量：1 发表：2000
